You might have encrypt and decrypt a sting value using various cryptographic algorithms and you might have build C programs for that as well. In this tutorial I am going to show you how to Encrypt and Decrypt a XML file using OpenSSL and XMLSec.
Things you need:
XML file - The file you need to encrypt/decrypt
OpenSSL - To generate public/private keys
XMLSec - To encrypt/decrypt XML file
Template file - Needed for encryption
Step 1:
Locate your XML file.
I have used books.xml file:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<catalog>
<book id="bk101">
<author>Gambardella, Matthew</author>
<title>XML Developer's Guide</title>
<genre>Computer</genre>
<price>44.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-10-01</publish_date>
<description>An in-depth look at creating applications
with XML.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk102">
<author>Ralls, Kim</author>
<title>Midnight Rain</title>
<genre>Fantasy</genre>
<price>5.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-12-16</publish_date>
<description>A former architect battles corporate zombies,
an evil sorceress, and her own childhood to become queen
of the world.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk103">
<author>Corets, Eva</author>
<title>Maeve Ascendant</title>
<genre>Fantasy</genre>
<price>5.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-11-17</publish_date>
<description>After the collapse of a nanotechnology
society in England, the young survivors lay the
foundation for a new society.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk104">
<author>Corets, Eva</author>
<title>Oberon's Legacy</title>
<genre>Fantasy</genre>
<price>5.95</price>
<publish_date>2001-03-10</publish_date>
<description>In post-apocalypse England, the mysterious
agent known only as Oberon helps to create a new life
for the inhabitants of London. Sequel to Maeve
Ascendant.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk105">
<author>Corets, Eva</author>
<title>The Sundered Grail</title>
<genre>Fantasy</genre>
<price>5.95</price>
<publish_date>2001-09-10</publish_date>
<description>The two daughters of Maeve, half-sisters,
battle one another for control of England. Sequel to
Oberon's Legacy.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk106">
<author>Randall, Cynthia</author>
<title>Lover Birds</title>
<genre>Romance</genre>
<price>4.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-09-02</publish_date>
<description>When Carla meets Paul at an ornithology
conference, tempers fly as feathers get ruffled.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk107">
<author>Thurman, Paula</author>
<title>Splish Splash</title>
<genre>Romance</genre>
<price>4.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-11-02</publish_date>
<description>A deep sea diver finds true love twenty
thousand leagues beneath the sea.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk108">
<author>Knorr, Stefan</author>
<title>Creepy Crawlies</title>
<genre>Horror</genre>
<price>4.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-12-06</publish_date>
<description>An anthology of horror stories about roaches,
centipedes, scorpions and other insects.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk109">
<author>Kress, Peter</author>
<title>Paradox Lost</title>
<genre>Science Fiction</genre>
<price>6.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-11-02</publish_date>
<description>After an inadvertant trip through a Heisenberg
Uncertainty Device, James Salway discovers the problems
of being quantum.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk110">
<author>O'Brien, Tim</author>
<title>Microsoft .NET: The Programming Bible</title>
<genre>Computer</genre>
<price>36.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-12-09</publish_date>
<description>Microsoft's .NET initiative is explored in
detail in this deep programmer's reference.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk111">
<author>O'Brien, Tim</author>
<title>MSXML3: A Comprehensive Guide</title>
<genre>Computer</genre>
<price>36.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-12-01</publish_date>
<description>The Microsoft MSXML3 parser is covered in
detail, with attention to XML DOM interfaces, XSLT processing,
SAX and more.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk112">
<author>Galos, Mike</author>
<title>Visual Studio 7: A Comprehensive Guide</title>
<genre>Computer</genre>
<price>49.95</price>
<publish_date>2001-04-16</publish_date>
<description>Microsoft Visual Studio 7 is explored in depth,
looking at how Visual Basic, Visual C++, C#, and ASP+ are
integrated into a comprehensive development
environment.</description>
</book>
</catalog>
Step 2:
Generate Public and Private Key pairs.
genrsa -out books.pem 1024
openssl rsa -in books.pem -des3 -out books-pri.pem
openssl rsa -in books.pem -pubout -out books-pub.pem
books.pem:
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----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-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
books-pri.pem:
-----BEGIN RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
Proc-Type: 4,ENCRYPTED
DEK-Info: DES-EDE3-CBC,B948920579B83772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-----END RSA PRIVATE KEY-----
books-pub.pem:
-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
MIGfMA0GCSqGSIb3DQEBAQUAA4GNADCBiQKBgQCibiuAD7qoOdUMB08j8r5AEtkQ
s1RAlOSmF9TDe5eGuYqWIcvC8NBJsYWKUDTKj87Nx5VBhyvZZM0dCKfhYBQGFhut
q9ojzyHri3Ctsh4ZO7PR4MZkJqkJDUfkAJt3/5Us0gOx0gFhurFv4Piaj1aCp0Y+
Eh69qBvdK3opz/lCWwIDAQAB
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----
Step 3:
Encrypt XML file using public key.
xmlsec encrypt --pubkey-pem books-pub.pem --session-key des-192 --xml-data books.xml --output books-enc.xml template.xml
books-enc.pem:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<EncryptedData xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#" Type="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#Element">
<EncryptionMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#tripledes-cbc"/>
<KeyInfo xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#">
<EncryptedKey xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#">
<EncryptionMethod Algorithm="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#rsa-1_5"/>
<KeyInfo xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#">
<KeyName/>
</KeyInfo>
<CipherData>
<CipherValue>B7+hl3/NDhsj0CmBgAvCxmXDHSlJqATYmcq3frf6hZYAaTgTwQmP4HfK0/0OlUKQ
x9PZXAXUNOBXU1cZ9MilnHpbZ8gTysivZavIOz3JOnL/YMfKkjl/Loghqz+lcYI6
kkCu5p61k5m9aQLlCAD1mOAf9NbZ5/X0spcP8RjYS3Y=</CipherValue>
</CipherData>
</EncryptedKey>
</KeyInfo>
<CipherData>
<CipherValue>QZVDCc3zuNBu0egSRMIOKvkQy5U7sI1PWTlEJwp+/8mt5TIpRgIrtPF2/x+sSr/y
DJB4FaG+WjKCEX3LhvabPOgDBpzS9FQmiIFw5UsxNPw+vK5j+jgPvmt6QD+wyrNP
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SJw2mTk3EeX14TkgOj/XGdHnefSCkyJhAVnBG0rOFcRj/c/2Zx+ACDNsy3dMtVYH</CipherValue>
</CipherData>
</EncryptedData>
template.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>Step 4:
<!--
XML Security Library example: Original XML
doc file before encryption (encrypt3 example).
-->
<EncryptedData
xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#"
Type="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#Element">
<EncryptionMethod Algorithm=
"http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#tripledes-cbc"/>
<KeyInfo xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#">
<EncryptedKey xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#">
<EncryptionMethod Algorithm=
"http://www.w3.org/2001/04/xmlenc#rsa-1_5"/>
<KeyInfo xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/09/xmldsig#">
<KeyName/>
</KeyInfo>
<CipherData>
<CipherValue/>
</CipherData>
</EncryptedKey>
</KeyInfo>
<CipherData>
<CipherValue/>
</CipherData>
</EncryptedData>
Decrypt XML file using private key.
xmlsec decrypt --privkey-pem books-pri.pem books-enc.xml > books-dec.xml
books-dec.xml:
<?xml version="1.0"?>
<catalog>
<book id="bk101">
<author>Gambardella, Matthew</author>
<title>XML Developer's Guide</title>
<genre>Computer</genre>
<price>44.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-10-01</publish_date>
<description>An in-depth look at creating applications
with XML.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk102">
<author>Ralls, Kim</author>
<title>Midnight Rain</title>
<genre>Fantasy</genre>
<price>5.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-12-16</publish_date>
<description>A former architect battles corporate zombies,
an evil sorceress, and her own childhood to become queen
of the world.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk103">
<author>Corets, Eva</author>
<title>Maeve Ascendant</title>
<genre>Fantasy</genre>
<price>5.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-11-17</publish_date>
<description>After the collapse of a nanotechnology
society in England, the young survivors lay the
foundation for a new society.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk104">
<author>Corets, Eva</author>
<title>Oberon's Legacy</title>
<genre>Fantasy</genre>
<price>5.95</price>
<publish_date>2001-03-10</publish_date>
<description>In post-apocalypse England, the mysterious
agent known only as Oberon helps to create a new life
for the inhabitants of London. Sequel to Maeve
Ascendant.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk105">
<author>Corets, Eva</author>
<title>The Sundered Grail</title>
<genre>Fantasy</genre>
<price>5.95</price>
<publish_date>2001-09-10</publish_date>
<description>The two daughters of Maeve, half-sisters,
battle one another for control of England. Sequel to
Oberon's Legacy.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk106">
<author>Randall, Cynthia</author>
<title>Lover Birds</title>
<genre>Romance</genre>
<price>4.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-09-02</publish_date>
<description>When Carla meets Paul at an ornithology
conference, tempers fly as feathers get ruffled.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk107">
<author>Thurman, Paula</author>
<title>Splish Splash</title>
<genre>Romance</genre>
<price>4.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-11-02</publish_date>
<description>A deep sea diver finds true love twenty
thousand leagues beneath the sea.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk108">
<author>Knorr, Stefan</author>
<title>Creepy Crawlies</title>
<genre>Horror</genre>
<price>4.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-12-06</publish_date>
<description>An anthology of horror stories about roaches,
centipedes, scorpions and other insects.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk109">
<author>Kress, Peter</author>
<title>Paradox Lost</title>
<genre>Science Fiction</genre>
<price>6.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-11-02</publish_date>
<description>After an inadvertant trip through a Heisenberg
Uncertainty Device, James Salway discovers the problems
of being quantum.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk110">
<author>O'Brien, Tim</author>
<title>Microsoft .NET: The Programming Bible</title>
<genre>Computer</genre>
<price>36.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-12-09</publish_date>
<description>Microsoft's .NET initiative is explored in
detail in this deep programmer's reference.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk111">
<author>O'Brien, Tim</author>
<title>MSXML3: A Comprehensive Guide</title>
<genre>Computer</genre>
<price>36.95</price>
<publish_date>2000-12-01</publish_date>
<description>The Microsoft MSXML3 parser is covered in
detail, with attention to XML DOM interfaces, XSLT processing,
SAX and more.</description>
</book>
<book id="bk112">
<author>Galos, Mike</author>
<title>Visual Studio 7: A Comprehensive Guide</title>
<genre>Computer</genre>
<price>49.95</price>
<publish_date>2001-04-16</publish_date>
<description>Microsoft Visual Studio 7 is explored in depth,
looking at how Visual Basic, Visual C++, C#, and ASP+ are
integrated into a comprehensive development
environment.</description>
</book>
</catalog>
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